The grapefruit (Citrus × paradisi) is a subtropical, evergreen citrus tree that is grown for its juicy fruits. Grapefruit trees have a rounded top of spreading branches and can grow up to 5-6 m tall. The twigs normally bear short, supple thorns. The leaves are dark green, long and thin with rounded teeth on the margins, and dotted with tiny oil glands. It produces 5 cm white four-petalled flowers, borne singly or in clusters in the leaf axils.

The fruit is largely oblate and ranges in diameter from 10-15 cm, yellow-orange skinned sometimes blushed with pink, with smooth, finely dotted peel, up to 1 cm thick, and aromatic outwardly and with white, spongy and bitter inside. The flesh is segmented in 11 to 14 segments with thin, membranous, somewhat bitter walls, varying in color depending on the cultivars, from white to pink and red.

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